What is the difference between relief recovery and reform

The unemployment rate jumped to the current The speed and the magnitude of economic losses due to the pandemic are unprecedented, and economists are beginning to question if we are in a depression rather than a recession. Historically, we have recorded only one depression. The worst year of the Great Depression was when the unemployment rate hit For the time being, it is certainly comparable to the first phase of the depression of the early 20th century.

In , the 32nd U. Roosevelt addressed the American people in a series of 30 speeches broadcast via radio, speaking on a variety of topics from unemployment to banking to fighting fascism in Europe. Unemployment became rampant, and the people who continued to work earned a pittance. There were soup lines and many businesses were forced to close. Some teachers were being let go and the rest were paid in script. Times were tough, tough. Before the Depression, they got shaves also; but now they had safety razors and no money, so many men shaved themselves.

Father earned very little during this time. All he could give mother was twenty cents a day to feed the family, which had grown to four children. Mother would buy corn dough and frijoles, and we would have tortillas and beans every day. These were hard times, very hard times. We had always helped Daddy to earn money, but now we had to work even harder. In the summer, we went to pick cotton. That helped to buy clothes and supplies for school.

I was ready to go to college, but there was no money to pay the tuition. So I walked the several miles to school and packed my own brown-bag lunch. Having to walk several miles was not conducive to a happy attitude. When I forgot my lunch, I had to suffer with an empty, aching stomach through classes. The artist took pride in his commissions for the Works Progress Administration including this mural and believed that, like the workers shown in this mural, he was a valuable member of a working class intent on rebuilding the nation after the Depression.

The Works Progress Administration commissioned Automotive Industry for a library in Detroit, the automobile capital of the world. At the very center of this mural is a cutaway view of an engine, showing the piston arm pushing down and around the crankshaft to turn the wheels.

Beerbohm repeated this shape eight times across the span of the image in the muscular arms of the men who build the cars. Dispossessed , ca. Here, an elderly couple have lost their home and sit in despair among their possessions, out of work, old, and vulnerable. Their long faces and defeated poses express the depth of misery. A tray on the ground reflects a group of workers waiting in line, emphasizing the desperation of the times.

At the core of his optimism is respect for just people and their occupations. Tenement Flats , , Millard Sheets. These ramshackle tenements were home to poor families in the Bunker Hill neighborhood of downtown Los Angeles during the Great Depression. Millard Sheets, like many artist members of regional committees, proudly gave his painting as a gift to his country. The shabbily dressed women in Tenement Flats would be startled to discover that this painting would hang in the elegant surroundings of the White House.

Snow Shovellers , , Jacob Getlar Smith. Black and white, poor and middle class—all had lost their jobs to the Great Depression. Smith showed them gathered into the ranks of the New Deal social programs that offered them all the means to get through the winter. A boy pulling a sled walks alongside the men, a reminder of the families who looked to these men for their support.

Juan Duran , , Kenneth M. Kenneth Adams painted Juan Duran as a proud laborer taking a cigarette break. Like many artists of the s, Adams worked for the Works Progress Administration.

He and his peers created images that gave dignity to laborers and helped the artists themselves to feel as though they were valued members of the workforce. Somewhere in America , , Robert Brackman. This attitude drove New Deal art projects, which aimed to appeal to broad audiences and affirm shared values. Golden Gate Bridge , , Ray Stron g. This panoramic depiction of the Golden Gate Bridge under construction pays tribute to the ambitious feat of engineering required to span the mouth of San Francisco Bay.

President Franklin Roosevelt chose this painting celebrating the triumph of American engineering to hang in the White House. Rising gold prices during the Great Depression caused many old mines to reopen and sent the hopeful across the American West in search of new strikes. When President and Mrs. Roosevelt chose this painting to hang in the White House, it represented a rapidly rising industry helping to fuel the reviving American economy.

This PBS video will teach you about how the depression started, what Herbert Hoover tried to do to fix it, and why those efforts failed. The video discusses some of the most effective and best known programs of the New Deal. Also, who supported the New Deal, and who opposed it? Additional Smithsonian Resources Exploring all 19 Smithsonian museums is a great way to enhance your curriculum, no matter what your discipline may be. Myths in Words and Pictures — Smithsonian Education The symbolism of Achelous and Hercules features lesson ideas and online interactives.

Agricultural Adjustment Act : AAA a New Deal era law which reduced agricultural production by paying farmers subsidies to not plant part of their land in order to reduce crop surplus, therefore effectively raise the value of crops.

Civilian Conservation Corps : CCC a New Deal public relief program which employed young men ages to work on conservation projects including the construction of roads, bridges, and dams and the reforestation of nearly 3 million trees to combat the effects of the Dust Bowl. Dorothea Lange : American documentary photographer and photojournalist.

Farm Security Administration : FSA created in as part of the New Deal, the administration was created to combat rural poverty during the Depression. Federal Emergency Relief Act : FERA ; the first governmental action to combat the Depression, the act allotted million dollars to the states in order to provide for the needy and the unemployed.

Roosevelt from to Franklin D. He is best known for his series of social programs, called the New Deal, which focused on relief, recovery, and reform to combat the effects of the Great Depression. He won a record four presidential elections, which led to the passage of the 22nd Amendment, barring presidents from serving more than two full terms. Herbert Hoover : 31st President of the United States. Hoover took office in , the year the American economy plummeted into the Great Depression.

Unfortunately Hoover failed the grasp the direness of the economic crisis and as a result, he was blamed by many for failing to leverage the power of the American government to address the problem. As such, he was soundly defeated for re-election by Franklin D. Jackson Pollock : American painter and major figure of the Abstract Expressionist movement. Mark Rothko : American painter and major figure of the Abstract Expressionist movement, although he refused to self-identify as such.

New Deal : a series of domestic social programs and projects enacted by President Franklin D. FDR came into office with no clear or specific plan for what to do. Roosevelt used to say "try something, if it doesn't work try something else. These attempts at least gave Americans the hope that something was being done. Roosevelt's basic philosophy of Keynesian economics manifested itself in what became known as the three "R's" of relief, recovery and reform. The programs created to meet these goals generated jobs and more importantly, hope.

They also generated what refer to today as "alphabet soup;" a series of acts and agencies that created a huge federal bureaucracy. Reform - Permanent programs to avoid another depression and insure citizens against economic disasters. Immediate action taken to halt the economies deterioration. Permanent programs to avoid another depression and insure citizens against economic disasters.

Bank Holiday. Declared so that the panic would be stopped. Taxed food processors and gave the money directly to farmers as a payment for not growing food.

This decreased supply so price would go up. Permanent Agency set up to monitor stock market activity and ensure that no fraud or insider trading was taking place. Emergency Banking Act.

Closed the insolvent banks and only reopened the solvent ones. Created the NRA National Recovery Administration a consortium of businesses organized by the government and given the power to set rules and regulations for the economy.

Members of the NRA displayed a blue eagle.